Description

Visualize the structural effects of urinary tract obstruction with this 3D model of hydronephrosis. It demonstrates dilation of the renal pelvis and calyces caused by impaired urine outflow, along with thinning of the renal parenchyma. The model clearly shows how persistent obstruction, often at the ureteropelvic junction, alters kidney anatomy. This visualization aids in linking anatomical distortion to clinical consequences such as flank pain, infection risk, or impaired renal function.